{"id":17790,"date":"2025-12-17T15:41:21","date_gmt":"2025-12-17T20:41:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/?p=17790"},"modified":"2026-01-24T02:35:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-24T07:35:44","slug":"philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine","title":{"rendered":"From Anatomy Theaters to Targeted Therapy: Philadelphia\u2019s Medical Evolution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the 18th century, as medicine in the colonies began to emerge from the shadows of medieval superstition, Philadelphia stepped up as the nation\u2019s intellectual engine. It was here that the country&#8217;s <strong>first hospital, medical school, and pharmacy<\/strong> were established. While the young nation fought for its independence, visionaries like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Bond were busy laying the groundwork for a <a href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17829-behind-the-curtain-of-flesh-when-science-became-a-spectacle-in-philadelphia\">scientific approach to healing<\/a>. They transformed the city into the premier educational hub of the New World. This status as the \u201cCradle of Medicine\u201d was no accident\u2014it was in Philadelphia that <strong>clinical practice and academic rigor<\/strong> were first combined, forever raising the bar for American healthcare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Below, at <a href=\"http:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\">iphiladelphia.net<\/a>, we will explore how Philadelphia doctors performed the first unique surgeries, what innovations they came up with for the industry, and why the city&#8217;s medical inventions continue to save millions of lives around the world.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a32f42b389af\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a32f42b389af\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#The_Beginnings_Pennsylvania_Hospital_and_Benjamin_Franklins_Vision\" >The Beginnings: Pennsylvania Hospital and Benjamin Franklin\u2019s Vision<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#An_Academic_Breakthrough_Americas_First_Medical_School\" >An Academic Breakthrough: America\u2019s First Medical School<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#Anatomy_and_Surgery_The_Era_of_Discovery\" >Anatomy and Surgery: The Era of Discovery<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#The_Pharmaceutical_Revolution_and_Public_Health\" >The Pharmaceutical Revolution and Public Health<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#Key_Milestones_in_Philadelphia_Medicine\" >Key Milestones in Philadelphia Medicine<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#A_Legacy_That_Shaped_the_Future\" >A Legacy That Shaped the Future<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17790-philadelphia-the-trailblazer-of-american-medicine\/#Sources\" >Sources:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Beginnings_Pennsylvania_Hospital_and_Benjamin_Franklins_Vision\"><\/span>The Beginnings: Pennsylvania Hospital and Benjamin Franklin\u2019s Vision<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The rise of modern American medicine didn\u2019t start in a <a href=\"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/eternal-17829-behind-the-curtain-of-flesh-when-science-became-a-spectacle-in-philadelphia\">high-tech lab<\/a>, but rather from a deep sense of social responsibility. In the mid-1700s, medical care in the colonies was disorganized and elitist. The wealthy received care at home, while the poor often spent their final days in squalid almshouses. Two prominent Philadelphians decided to change this: Dr. Thomas Bond and the polymath <a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphia.name\/en\/eternal-3517-how-benjamin-franklin-reinvented-america\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Benjamin Franklin<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In 1751, driven by Bond\u2019s clinical observation and Franklin\u2019s brilliant <strong>\u201cmatching grants\u201d<\/strong> fundraising campaign, <strong>Pennsylvania Hospital<\/strong> was founded. It was the first institution of its kind in the colonies, and its motto\u2014\u201dTake care of him, and I will repay thee\u201d\u2014became the symbol of a new medical era. The hospital introduced a revolutionary concept: healthcare should be available regardless of a patient&#8217;s background, religion, or social status.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hospital\u2019s treatment of the mentally ill was particularly pioneering. For the first time in America, people with mental health issues were treated not as criminals or outcasts, but as <strong>patients deserving of humane care<\/strong>. Dedicated wards were established, laying the foundation for modern psychiatry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The hospital\u2019s architecture was equally impressive. The main building, known as the \u201cPine Building,\u201d became a blueprint for future medical facilities. However, the true heart of the hospital was its <strong>Surgical Amphitheater<\/strong> (the Halsted-Kirby Center). Under a glass dome providing natural light, the nation\u2019s first public surgeries were performed. In the days before anesthesia, surgery was a grueling test for both doctor and patient, and the amphitheater served as the primary classroom for the country&#8217;s future medical leaders.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17791\" style=\"width:608px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-8.png 512w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-8-300x169.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"An_Academic_Breakthrough_Americas_First_Medical_School\"><\/span>An Academic Breakthrough: America\u2019s First Medical School<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Until the mid-18th century, becoming a doctor in the colonies was an informal process. Most learned through \u201capprenticeship,\u201d spending years assisting a local practitioner by mixing tonics and observing minor procedures. There were no degrees and no universal standards. This archaic system was disrupted in 1765 when John Morgan, a graduate of the University of Edinburgh, founded the <strong>first medical school in North America<\/strong> at the College of Philadelphia (now the University of Pennsylvania).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">John Morgan returned from Europe with a bold vision. He argued that medicine was an intellectual discipline, not just a trade. Morgan insisted that a physician should possess a solid foundational education in Latin, anatomy, and pharmacy. Alongside the brilliant anatomist William Shippen Jr., he established a curriculum that merged two critical pillars:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Theoretical Foundation:<\/strong> Systematic university lectures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Clinical Practice:<\/strong> Bedside teaching at Pennsylvania Hospital.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Philadelphia soon became the \u201cAthens\u201d of the medical world. Students traveled from all thirteen colonies to earn a professional degree. By the mid-19th century, Philadelphia was producing more degreed physicians than any other region in the U.S., cementing its reputation as the <strong>medical capital of the nation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"899\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17794\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-9.png 1280w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-9-300x211.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-9-768x539.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-9-696x489.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anatomy_and_Surgery_The_Era_of_Discovery\"><\/span>Anatomy and Surgery: The Era of Discovery<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By the 19th century, Philadelphia had become a global destination for surgery. The city functioned like a massive laboratory for the study of the human body. Because legal cadavers were scarce, anatomy theaters occasionally relied on \u201cresurrectionists\u201d (body snatchers), a practice that highlighted the era&#8217;s desperate thirst for scientific knowledge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The central figure of this age was <strong>Philip Syng Physick<\/strong>, often called the <strong>\u201cFather of American Surgery.\u201d<\/strong> His contributions were practical and profound. Physick invented the stomach pump and introduced the use of <strong>catgut sutures<\/strong>, which were absorbed by the body, sparing patients the agony of manual thread removal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The pinnacle of this era was captured by artist Thomas Eakins in his masterpiece, <strong>\u201cThe Gross Clinic\u201d (1875)<\/strong>. The painting depicts the legendary surgeon Samuel Gross performing a procedure before an audience of students. It captured a turning point: the evolution of surgery from a \u201cquick fix\u201d into a methodical, scientific, and almost heroic discipline. Today, this painting is considered one of the most important records of Philadelphia\u2019s medical triumph.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"548\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17797\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-10.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-10-300x214.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-10-696x497.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Pharmaceutical_Revolution_and_Public_Health\"><\/span>The Pharmaceutical Revolution and Public Health<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Philadelphia was also the birthplace of American pharmacy. In 1821, the first <strong>College of Pharmacy<\/strong> was established here, setting the first standards for drug purity and manufacturing. <a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphiaski.com\/en\/eternal-2075-john-wanamaker-the-success-story-of-a-philadelphia-innovator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">However<\/a>, the city&#8217;s medical history also includes tragedy. In 1793, a devastating <strong>Yellow Fever epidemic<\/strong> killed 10% of the population. This crisis forced the city to create one of the nation&#8217;s first Boards of Health, leading to major improvements in sanitation and quarantine protocols.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Key_Milestones_in_Philadelphia_Medicine\"><\/span>Key Milestones in Philadelphia Medicine<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Institution \/ Event<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Year<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Historical Significance<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Pennsylvania Hospital<\/strong><\/td><td>1751<\/td><td>First U.S. hospital; pioneered humane psychiatry.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>UPenn Medical School<\/strong><\/td><td>1765<\/td><td>First higher medical education in North America.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Yellow Fever Epidemic<\/strong><\/td><td>1793<\/td><td>Led to the creation of the public health board system.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Philadelphia College of Pharmacy<\/strong><\/td><td>1821<\/td><td>First professional pharmacy education in the U.S.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Female Medical College of PA<\/strong><\/td><td>1850<\/td><td>World&#8217;s first medical school for women.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"918\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-17800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-11.png 1400w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-11-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-11-768x504.png 768w, https:\/\/cdn.iphiladelphia.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/55\/2025\/12\/image-11-696x456.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_Legacy_That_Shaped_the_Future\"><\/span>A Legacy That Shaped the Future<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today, Philadelphia\u2019s title as the \u201cCradle of Medicine\u201d is more than a historical footnote\u2014it is the bedrock of the modern <strong>\u201cEds and Meds\u201d<\/strong> economy. What began as a bold experiment by Franklin and Morgan has evolved into a global biotech hub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The true genius of Philadelphia\u2019s medical phenomenon is its continuity. Historic 18th-century halls stand alongside state-of-the-art labs pioneering gene and cell therapy. The statistics are staggering: <strong>one out of every six doctors<\/strong> in the United States today still receives some form of training or residency in Philadelphia. The city has proven that medical progress thrives where academic rigor meets a deep commitment to humanity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sources\"><\/span>Sources:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/themes\/city-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/hiddencityphila.org\/2020\/10\/when-philadelphia-became-a-center-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/history.rcp.ac.uk\/blog\/john-morgan-and-first-medical-school-america; https:\/\/www.balfourbeatty.com\/what-we-do\/projects\/penn-medicine-philadelphia\/.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/themes\/city-of-medicine\/; <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/themes\/city-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/hiddencityphila.org\/2020\/10\/when-philadelphia-became-a-center-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/history.rcp.ac.uk\/blog\/john-morgan-and-first-medical-school-america; https:\/\/www.balfourbeatty.com\/what-we-do\/projects\/penn-medicine-philadelphia\/.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/hiddencityphila.org\/2020\/10\/when-philadelphia-became-a-center-of-medicine\/; <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/themes\/city-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/hiddencityphila.org\/2020\/10\/when-philadelphia-became-a-center-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/history.rcp.ac.uk\/blog\/john-morgan-and-first-medical-school-america; https:\/\/www.balfourbeatty.com\/what-we-do\/projects\/penn-medicine-philadelphia\/.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/history.rcp.ac.uk\/blog\/john-morgan-and-first-medical-school-america; <\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/philadelphiaencyclopedia.org\/themes\/city-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/hiddencityphila.org\/2020\/10\/when-philadelphia-became-a-center-of-medicine\/; https:\/\/history.rcp.ac.uk\/blog\/john-morgan-and-first-medical-school-america; https:\/\/www.balfourbeatty.com\/what-we-do\/projects\/penn-medicine-philadelphia\/.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.balfourbeatty.com\/what-we-do\/projects\/penn-medicine-philadelphia\/.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the 18th century, as medicine in the colonies began to emerge from the shadows of medieval superstition, Philadelphia stepped up as the nation\u2019s intellectual engine. It was here that the country&#8217;s first hospital, medical school, and pharmacy were established. While the young nation fought for its independence, visionaries like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Bond [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":431,"featured_media":17773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4817],"tags":[7690,7679,7684,7688,7678,7682,7685,7692,7694,7695,7681,7676,7677,7686,7696,7680,7689],"moimportance":[32,35],"motype":[4825],"moformat":[83],"class_list":["post-17790","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-healthy","tag-bedside-clinical-teaching-philadelphia","tag-benjamin-franklin-medical-contributions","tag-female-medical-college-of-pennsylvania","tag-first-college-of-pharmacy-usa","tag-first-medical-school-in-usa-upenn","tag-first-pharmacy-in-america-philadelphia","tag-historic-surgical-amphitheater-philadelphia","tag-history-of-catgut-sutures-surgery","tag-history-of-psychiatry-pennsylvania-hospital","tag-invention-of-the-stomach-pump-physick","tag-john-morgan-medical-education-reform","tag-pennsylvania-hospital-history","tag-philadelphia-cradle-of-american-medicine","tag-philip-syng-physick-father-of-american-surgery","tag-public-health-history-philadelphia","tag-thomas-bond-hospital-founder","tag-university-of-pennsylvania-medical-school-history","moimportance-golovna-novyna","moimportance-retranslyacziya-v-agregatory","motype-eternal","moformat-longread-short"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17790","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/431"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17790"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17790\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18270,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17790\/revisions\/18270"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17790"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17790"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17790"},{"taxonomy":"moimportance","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moimportance?post=17790"},{"taxonomy":"motype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/motype?post=17790"},{"taxonomy":"moformat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/iphiladelphia.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/moformat?post=17790"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}